Heat illness can advance quickly in football players and runners, and early warning signs of heat stroke can be subtle. Heat stroke also threatens runners and other athletes in the 2001 Chicago Marathon, a young man in his first marathon collapsed of heat stroke at 26 miles and died soon after. Since 1995, on average three players a year have died of heat stroke. For football players in the dog days, mild heat illness is common and grave heat stroke always a threat (Knochel, 1975). Summer football brings grueling workouts in brutal heat. The life-saving adage is: cool first and transport second. Preventing heat stroke hinges on acclimation, hydration, pacing, cooling, and vigilance.
Heat stroke is typically caused by a combination of hot environment, strenuous exercise, clothing that limits evaporation of sweat, inadequate adaptation to the heat, too much body fat, and/or lack of fitness.Heat stroke is always a risk in summer sports, especially football and running.University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center Sports Science Exchange 86 VOLUME 15 (2002) NUMBER 3 HEAT STROKE IN SPORTS: CAUSES, PREVENTION, AND TREATMENT
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